Also known as: Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH)
BPH is a non-cancerous enlargement of the prostate gland that causes urinary symptoms by compressing the urethra. It is extremely common in men over 50.
BPH affects approximately 50% of men by age 60 and up to 90% by age 85. It is the most common benign tumour in men.
The prostate surrounds the urethra, so enlargement compresses the urinary outflow tract. Symptoms are classified as obstructive (weak stream, hesitancy) or irritative (frequency, urgency, nocturia).
BPH is NOT prostate cancer and does not increase cancer risk. However, both conditions are common in older men and can coexist.
People with Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia often experience the following symptoms.
Waking 2 or more times per night to urinate — often the most bothersome symptom, disrupting sleep.
Reduced force and calibre of the urine stream from urethral compression.
Difficulty initiating urination, requiring straining or waiting before flow begins.
Continued dripping after urination is complete, from residual urine in the compressed urethra.
Certain factors may increase your likelihood of developing Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia.
Common approaches to managing benign prostatic hyperplasia. Always consult a healthcare provider for personalized treatment.
Tamsulosin, alfuzosin relax prostate and bladder neck muscles for rapid symptom improvement.
Finasteride and dutasteride shrink the prostate over months, most effective for larger prostates.
Alpha-blocker plus 5-ARI for moderate-to-severe symptoms with enlarged prostate.
UroLift, Rezum (water vapour), or transurethral resection (TURP) for refractory symptoms.
IPSS (International Prostate Symptom Score) questionnaire, digital rectal examination, PSA blood test, uroflowmetry, and post-void residual measurement. Ultrasound for prostate volume.
See a doctor if you experience urinary retention (inability to urinate), blood in urine, recurrent UTIs, or if symptoms significantly affect quality of life and sleep.
Steps that may help reduce the risk of developing or worsening benign prostatic hyperplasia.
Regular exercise
Maintain healthy weight
Limit evening fluid intake
Reduce caffeine and alcohol
If left untreated or poorly managed, benign prostatic hyperplasia may lead to:
No. BPH is benign enlargement and does not become cancer. However, both are common in older men and can coexist.
Medications effectively control symptoms in most men. Surgery is reserved for refractory or complicated cases.
BPH itself may not, but some medications (particularly 5-ARIs) can cause sexual side effects.
This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified health provider with any questions you may have regarding a medical condition.