Symplicured

Gastrointestinal

Diverticulitis

Also known as: Acute Diverticulitis

Diverticulitis occurs when small pouches (diverticula) that form in the walls of the colon become inflamed or infected. It causes sudden abdominal pain, typically in the lower left side.

Understanding Diverticulitis

Diverticula are present in over 50% of adults over 60 (diverticulosis), but only 10-25% develop symptomatic diverticulitis. The condition results from micro-perforations in a diverticulum leading to inflammation.

Most cases (75%) are uncomplicated and resolve with antibiotics or even observation alone. Complicated diverticulitis involves abscess, perforation, fistula, or obstruction and may require surgical intervention.

Recent evidence has shifted management away from routine antibiotics for uncomplicated cases and away from dietary restrictions previously thought to prevent flares.

Common Symptoms

People with Diverticulitis often experience the following symptoms.

Left Lower Quadrant Pain

Sudden onset pain in the left lower abdomen — often called 'left-sided appendicitis.' Right-sided pain is more common in Asian populations.

Fever and Elevated White Count

Infection of the diverticulum causes systemic inflammatory response with fever and leucocytosis.

Altered Bowel Habits

Constipation, diarrhoea, or alternating pattern during and after episodes.

Nausea and Reduced Appetite

Abdominal inflammation commonly causes nausea and temporary loss of appetite.

Risk Factors

Certain factors may increase your likelihood of developing Diverticulitis.

Age over 50

Low-fibre diet

Obesity

Sedentary lifestyle

Treatment Options

Common approaches to managing diverticulitis. Always consult a healthcare provider for personalized treatment.

Antibiotics

Oral antibiotics (metronidazole + fluoroquinolone) for uncomplicated cases. Recent evidence suggests observation alone may be sufficient for mild cases.

Clear Liquid Diet

Bowel rest during acute episodes, gradually advancing diet as symptoms improve.

CT-Guided Drainage

Percutaneous drainage of diverticular abscesses larger than 3-4 cm.

Surgery

Sigmoid resection for recurrent or complicated diverticulitis. Increasingly performed laparoscopically.

How It's Diagnosed

CT scan with contrast is the gold standard, showing bowel wall thickening, pericolic inflammation, and potential complications. Blood tests show elevated inflammatory markers.

When to See a Doctor

Seek emergency care if you have severe abdominal pain, high fever, inability to keep fluids down, or signs of peritonitis (rigid abdomen, rebound tenderness).

Prevention Strategies

Steps that may help reduce the risk of developing or worsening diverticulitis.

High-fibre diet (30g/day)

Regular exercise

Maintain healthy weight

Adequate hydration

Potential Complications

If left untreated or poorly managed, diverticulitis may lead to:

  • Abscess formation
  • Free perforation and peritonitis
  • Fistula (colovesical, colovaginal)
  • Stricture and bowel obstruction

Frequently Asked Questions

Do I need to avoid seeds and nuts?

No. This is an outdated myth. Current evidence shows no association between seed/nut consumption and diverticulitis risk.

Will diverticulitis keep coming back?

About 20% of patients have recurrence. High-fibre diet and lifestyle changes reduce this risk.

When is surgery needed?

For complicated disease (abscess, perforation, fistula), recurrent episodes, or immunocompromised patients.

Think you might have Diverticulitis?

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This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified health provider with any questions you may have regarding a medical condition.

Diverticulitis — Symptoms, Causes & Treatment | Symplicured | Symplicured