Also known as: Meniere's Disease (Endolymphatic Hydrops)
Meniere's disease is an inner ear disorder causing episodes of vertigo, fluctuating hearing loss, tinnitus, and ear fullness. It is caused by abnormal fluid buildup in the inner ear.
Meniere's disease affects approximately 12 per 1,000 people, typically presenting between ages 40-60. It results from endolymphatic hydrops — abnormal fluid accumulation in the inner ear.
Episodes are unpredictable, featuring vertigo lasting 20 minutes to 12 hours, accompanied by fluctuating low-frequency hearing loss, tinnitus, and aural fullness. Between episodes, patients may feel completely normal initially.
Over time, hearing loss typically becomes permanent and progressive. Most cases affect one ear, though 30-50% eventually involve both ears.
People with Meniere's Disease often experience the following symptoms.
Sudden, intense spinning lasting 20 minutes to several hours, often with nausea and vomiting.
Low-frequency hearing loss that fluctuates initially but tends to worsen over time.
Ringing, roaring, or buzzing in the affected ear, often intensifying before or during vertigo episodes.
A sensation of pressure or fullness in the ear, similar to ear congestion.
Certain factors may increase your likelihood of developing Meniere's Disease.
Common approaches to managing meniere's disease. Always consult a healthcare provider for personalized treatment.
Restricting sodium to 1,500-2,000mg daily reduces fluid retention and may decrease episode frequency.
Hydrochlorothiazide or acetazolamide to reduce inner ear fluid accumulation.
Exercises to improve balance and reduce dizziness between episodes.
Dexamethasone or gentamicin injected through the eardrum for refractory cases.
Clinical diagnosis based on episodic vertigo (20+ minutes), audiometry showing low-frequency hearing loss, and tinnitus/fullness. MRI to exclude acoustic neuroma.
See a doctor for recurring vertigo episodes with hearing changes. Seek emergency care if vertigo is accompanied by severe headache, facial weakness, or new neurological symptoms.
Steps that may help reduce the risk of developing or worsening meniere's disease.
Low-sodium diet
Stress management
Avoid caffeine and alcohol
Regular sleep schedule
If left untreated or poorly managed, meniere's disease may lead to:
Hearing loss tends to worsen over time, though vertigo episodes may actually decrease in later stages.
Yes. 30-50% of patients eventually develop bilateral disease.
Many patients report stress as a trigger. Stress management is an important part of treatment.
This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified health provider with any questions you may have regarding a medical condition.